Impact of Land Use Land Cover Changes on Land Surface Temperature in Jessore District of Bangladesh: A Remote Sensing Approach

Abstract

Rapid urbanization puts a lot of strain on local climate systems, with land use and land cover (LULC) changes directly influencing land surface temperature (LST) patterns. This study uses multi-temporal Landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 8 OLI satellite imagery for the year 2000, 2010, and 2020 to investigate the relationship between LULC changes and LST fluctuations in Jessore, Bangladesh. Analysis indicated significant urban growth throughout the two-decade span, with built-up areas increasing by 2% while agricultural land and vegetation cover declined by 2% and water bodies contracted by 1%. The analysis of LST revealed that the built-up area experienced the highest temperatures then came bare land, vegetation, agricultural, and water bodies respectively. Throughout the duration of the research, the overall LST rose by 3°C, with the most noticeable warming occurring in populated regions. The study demonstrates that the decrease in vegetation cover and the spread of impervious surfaces are the major factors leading to the increase in surface temperatures in Jessore. The research LULC-LST profiles also showed that the degree of heat was highest in populated regions and lowest in water bodies. The study demonstrates that the vegetation cover in the study area is decreasing, and the non-evaporating surfaces are rising, and the surface temperature is escalating remarkably. The findings are critical in making climate-resilient policies in urban planning and the strategies of mitigating the urban heat island impact in developing cities in Bangladesh.